From Spreadsheet to Database — Why Excel Breaks at 1M Rows

Migrate Helio Verde Beverages 1.4-million-row sales workbook into a relational schema. Diagnose the four canonical Excel-at-scale failure modes (performance, concurrency, integrity, auditability), design a 3NF schema with referential integrity and proper indexes, write SQL for filtered aggregations and anti-joins, and pick the right architectural tier from Excel-only to a full modern data stack.